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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer correlated with exposure to asbestos an element that occurs naturally. The disease is usually diagnosed several decades after exposure. Doctors treat mesothelioma with chemotherapy radiation, surgery and chemotherapy. Treatment can help patients live longer. There are three types of mesothelioma. The type of cancerous cell makes up the tumor and its stage affects prognosis. What is mesothelioma? The mesothelioma cancerous form forms in the mesothelium (a thin layer of tissue that encloses organs inside). It is caused by asbestos, which is a grouping of fibrous minerals. Exposure to asbestos usually occurs when people inhale or swallow stray asbestos fibers. These asbestos particles stick to the lining of organs and cause irritation, leading to tumors. Mesothelioma is identified when doctors examine these tumors and then take a sample of tissue, called a biopsy. Mesothelioma can be classified based on the type of cells are found in the tumors. The three types are epithelial sarcomatoid and biphasic mesothelioma. Epithelial mesothelioma is the most common type and accounts for 50 percent of all diagnoses. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma makes up 10 percent of cases and has a worse prognosis than epithelial mesothelioma. Biphasic Mesothelioma is a mixture of epithelial cells and sarcomatoid. It is responsible for 30-40% of all diagnoses. Mesothelioma symptoms can include difficulty breathing, chest pain or pain in the abdomen. These symptoms are similar to those of other illnesses, which is why it is essential to consult an expert if you are suffering from them. Treatment for mesothelioma might reduce symptoms, slow tumour development and help patients live longer. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Patients can also seek palliative care, which helps to manage discomfort and pain. Doctors continue to study ways to treat mesothelioma, and how it grows. New treatments include immunotherapy, which utilizes your body's immune system to fight cancer. This is a trial treatment that has shown promise for a few mesothelioma patients. Patients can also participate in clinical trials, which are studies of new treatments. The majority of mesothelioma patients will be treated in specialist cancer centers, where they can access doctors who have experience treating the condition. Diagnosis The first step in receiving treatment to prolong your life span is to get a mesothelioma diagnosis. Your doctor will review your medical history and symptoms to determine the type of mesothelioma that you are suffering from. This is important since the three main mesothelioma cells respond differently to treatment. The first test your doctor might recommend is chest X-rays or CT scan. During the procedure, you lie on a table as the X-ray or CT machine produces a precise picture of your chest and the organs around it. A small dose of a dye, typically iodine, is typically administered prior to the procedure. The dye makes the tissue in your abdomen and chest lighter, making it easier to be able to. During this time, you may be asked to complete an exercise to test your breathing. If these tests show the possibility of a tumor that is cancerous or mass, your doctor will probably order the procedure of a biopsy. A biopsy involves removing a sample of the mass or tumor, either surgically or by inserting a needle into the area. The sample is then tested under a microscope to look for mesothelioma tumor cells. In certain cases our specialists utilize ultrasound to identify lymph nodes that are enlarged and could be mesothelioma. This procedure is referred to as endobronchial ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy or EBNA. It is done on an outpatient basis, so you can return home the next day. A mesothelioma specialist will be able to determine the stage of mesothelioma. The stages are determined based on how the cancer has spread, and the type of mesothelioma you have. Receiving a precise diagnosis from a mesothelioma specialist the best way to make sure that you receive the proper treatment. Treatment The mesothelioma patient's treatment plan is determined by the extent of the disease as well as their overall health. Mesothelioma patients usually receive multimodal therapy, which is a combination of chemotherapy, surgery and radiation. The first step to treating mesothelioma is a physical exam and telling your doctor about any asbestos exposure you might have experienced in the past. Doctors also conduct imaging scans and blood tests to detect mesothelioma and rule out any other ailments. These include CT (computerized Tomography) scans, MRI (magnetic-resonance imaging) scans, FDG-PET scans (fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography), and mediastinoscopy. Surgery is an option for most pleural mesothelioma cases. A patient can undergo a minimally invasive procedure referred to as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VAT) or a CT-guided needle biopsy. Both surgeries are able to reduce symptoms and increase the lifespan of patients. Chemotherapy is a therapy that uses drugs to kill cancerous cells and stop them from expanding. It is a standard mesothelioma treatment that can prolong the time of treatment. It can be given via intravenous (IV) drip or in pill form. Radiation is another mesothelioma treatment that kills cancer cells and shrink tumors. It is used to treat pleural cancer in different stages, and also to relieve pain and prolong the lifespan of patients. In the late stages of mesothelioma treatment, doctors concentrate on reducing symptoms to prolong the lifespan of a patient as long as possible. Palliative care is a term used to describe the goal of this kind of treatment. Although the average mesothelioma survival rate is low but there are a lot of survivors. For example paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould, who was diagnosed with mesothelioma of the peritoneal region in 1982, lived for another 20 years until he passed away from complications from another illness. Symptoms A lot of people with mesothelioma suffer symptoms for months or years before they are diagnosed. The initial symptoms are similar to those experienced by other diseases and it's easy to ignore or mistake them for minor illnesses. However, if you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is vital to see your doctor as soon as possible. The organs of your body are wrapped in a tissue layer known as mesothelium. This layer keeps them from rubbing against one other. broken arrow mesothelioma attorneys can be described as a cancer that affects mesothelium- the cells that line your organs. The lining surrounding your lung is the most frequent site where mesothelioma starts. However, it could be found in your heart (pericardium) or abdomen (peritoneum) as well as the surrounding lining of your testicles (tunica vulginalis). The first signs of mesothelioma include breathlessness or chest pain, as well as fatigue. Mesothelioma can also cause fluid buildup in the lungs or chest wall which can cause an effusion of the pleural cavity. Pleural effusions can place pressure on the lungs making coughing difficult and difficult breathing. Doctors diagnose mesothelioma after taking the medical history of the patient and conducting an examination. They may ask for chest X-rays which can reveal signs of abnormalities, such as thickening of lung lining, or the accumulation of fluid in the chest wall. They may also request an MRI, CT scan or PET scan to take a closer look at the lung or other tissues within your body. They can also use ultrasound-guided needles for draining fluid from the peritoneum and pleura. A biopsy can determine which type of mesothelioma cells are forming the tumor and how they develop. This can help doctors determine the most effective treatment options. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are the three different types of standard mesothelioma treatments. Prevention Mesothelioma is not preventable, but you can lower the risk by abstaining from asbestos and staying away from those with it. Exposure to asbestos can lead to lung cancer as well as other ailments that affect the lining of certain organs. There are many types of mesothelioma, some more serious than others. Certain types of mesothelioma may be more manageable. Asbestos is a group of minerals that have microscopic fibers. Manufacturers employed asbestos in the construction industry as well as other industrial products without being aware of its potential dangers. Workers and veterans in blue collar jobs were the most susceptible to asbestos. Asbestos is now recognized to be a risk and should not live in a house or work in an old plant that contains it. Discuss with your doctor regular screenings if there is a past exposure to asbestos. X-rays, CT or MRI scanners can identify problems in your lungs or abdomen. A biopsy can help identify a tumor on the stomach lining or chest. Doctors can test tissue samples from this area to determine if you have mesothelioma. There is a chance that you have pleural mesothelioma which affects your lung's liner. Other types include pericardial, testicular or peritoneal. After asbestos exposure it could take several years before mesothelioma develops. Even then, it may be hard to diagnose. It is often mistakenly diagnosed as a condition or illness like pneumonia, bronchitis or cancer. This can hinder you from receiving the correct treatment. Researchers are trying to improve diagnosis and design tests that detect mesothelioma earlier. This could lead to better treatments and a higher survival rate. The research involves genetic tests to determine those most likely develop mesothelioma.